Unfortunately, though I don't mean to be rude, and I hope I am not misinterpereting, this sort of magma chamber, with the cavernous mouth is relatively common... In fact I usually search for volcanoes for my start sites, and get one of these magma chambers with a cavern mouth half the time. The half the time when I don't, I abandon that fort and try again ^.^ Though I am not actually at all knowledgeable about the code, I can conjecture from observing the pattern of these volcanic necks that the reason it often does this is because, once a level of the magma chamber during world generation encounters non-rock, it stops, because were it to keep generating levels with magma, the now unconfined magma would flow out immediately upon starting the map. Since it stops there and produces no further z levels with magma, any remaining terrain above is left as is, thus if the terrain is even slightly uneven (with different z-levels) there is a chance that the magma chamber growth will terminate at a point where the surface changes z-levels (and your dwarves would have to climb up those small hills) leaving the z-level above untouched only because of a small detection of breach. This would create a large open cavern with an often small entrance, as described.
My current fort is one with one of these cave-dwelling magma chambers in the middle of a sand desert (very convenient) next to a river (also convenient) burrowed into from the other side of the map on a mountain cliff where my dwarves started (so my original entrance, with my wagon and goods, can only be accessed by fliers so can;t be stolen or attacked efficiently), next to a sparsely forested area full of elephants for food... in other words, I was happy with it ^.^
My favorite method is to burrow into the cavern from below right at the start, block off my previous entrance, and make a magma channel to block off the cave entrance. Only when we have steel to build a bridge across do we go out ^.^