Arrows, spears and knife stabs don't have a uniform contact profile. Ignoring potential issues in bodypart sizes and weapon properties, it's common sense that an arrow just doesn't strike an arm so exactly straight that it neatly bisects the bone without any change in its trajectory, especially not at a reliable pace. No, aside from an astronomical fluke it'd either miss the bone entirely, wounding only the muscle, or graze it in such a way that it glances off and only harms the surrounding tissues.
Ditto for stabbing attacks. Wound size is an important property for bleeding and balancing weapons that have minuscule contact areas is miserable business, so CONTACT_AREA:1 for everything is out. However, increasing it just makes them chop off smaller bodyparts as if the tip was a flat edge, like a sharpened chisel. This is dumb and shouldn't be happening.
Enter the [PIERCING] token. Attacks with this property have certain handicaps against specific bodyparts (those with the [LIMB] token? ones with a special [DEFLECTS] token to account for weird targets outside human anatomy?). When a [PIERCING] attack hits something like an arm or a leg, the penetration depth first decreases sharply with the striking plane and is capped at 80-90% - grazing hits would be especially shallow cuts, better ones would still stick nasty wounds in the flesh and a perfect shot would split a kneecap and disable the target, but never actually cut the leg off. Stick them in the chest and the head for results, leave the choppy-choppy action to swords and axes.
Of course, sometimes the spearpoints are just so huge compared to the target that they really would cleave them apart. An attack with a contact area many times the size of the target bit and enough momentum to fully penetrate it several times over would be subject to the current rules. It's only natural that a ballista projectile straight to the gut would bisect a man.