I really like the idea of this, but I think the questionnaire could do with a little more work to make it useful. Do please take all of this as personal opinion and general suggestions.
I was somewhat surprised that single pick / no pick challenges didn't make the list. They seem popular to me, but maybe that's just confirmation bias. It seems to me that you really need a solid, comprehensive list of goals and challenges if you are to correlate play style with preference.
The question about time played could benefit from being split into predefined intervals. Allowing for arbitrary numbers all the way up to 1000, with decimals, is going to result in people taking random guesses rather than really thinking about it (I know I did - seriously, who's counting after around 100 hours, anyway?). 'Which of these brackets do you fit into' is a powerful question, although of course not perfect.
Number of years is more reasonable as an integer input. Asking people to input a number with an inherently base 12 fractional part as a base 10 real number just feels wrong even if it isn't a big deal, and honestly the fractional part probably doesn't matter all that much in this context.
Savagery / Alignment and Temperature might benefit from a 'no preference' option. I've certainly had fortresses where I completely disregarded at least one of them (typically temperature). It's difficult to pick one of three options when you really want to answer 'whatever, that has no bearing on my gameplay at all'.
In any case, great idea, I'm looking forward to hearing about any statistics you pull out of this. Always interesting to get some numbers on how people like to play.