Also, just wondering, you said that some Dwarves may not be able to wield a weapon with one hand. Does wieght affect this, allowing an adamantine squad to circumvent this limitation, or will they still require two hands for effective use?
In the raws, each weapons has tags
[TWO_HANDED:XXXXX]
[MINIMUM_SIZE:XXXXX]
If a creature has size less than [TWO_HANDED], they will require two hands to use the weapon, and if they are less than [MINIMUM_SIZE] they can't use it at all. Dwaves have average size 60,000, and both their height and width vary from 75% to 125% of average in 7 steps, making total size vary from about 50% to 150% of normal (I think). I downloaded dwarf therapist, and found that if you hover the mouse over a dwarf's name it brings up a description which includes size. By comparing this with descriptions of dwarves, I confirmed that the first descriptor after the yellow line which tells a dwarf's ages gives information about their size. If there is no size description, they are of average size. I do not know exactly how to convert the description into a size, but it will at least give you a rough idea. If it says a dwarf is very thin and short, then maybe you don't want to assign them to melee combat. It also looks to me like the average size of my dwarves is more than 60,000, and I don't see any of my 37 adults that are less than the 47500 cutoff for one-handed use of an axe or spear. I think (but this is just speculation) that physical/military training of dwarves and/or good eating (many of mine are fat) may increase their size.